Individual characteristics innovation activity of entrepreneurs: Who creates innovations in different countries?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22394/1993-7601-2025-78-66-89Keywords:
глобальный мониторинг предпринимательства, раннее предпринимательство, инновации, модель конечной смеси, кластеризацияAbstract
Using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor from 2005 to 2018, we investigate the heterogeneity of the relationship between individual characteristics of entrepreneurs and the probability of their innovation activity in different countries. The dependent variable is a binary variable reflecting the entrepreneur's participation in innovation activities. The independent variables are as follows: past entrepreneurial experience, acquaintance with entrepreneurs, perceived availability of business start-up opportunity, fear of failure, voluntary motivation and higher education. Using a finite mixture logistic regression model, we identify 4 clusters of countries. In the first and fourth clusters, the coefficients in front of the variables of acquaintance with other entrepreneurs and voluntary motivation appeared significant. At the same time, in the first cluster, unlike in the fourth cluster, the coefficients in front of the variables reflecting human capital (higher education and sufficient skills to start a business) are significant. The second cluster consists of countries with the most developed external environment characteristics: the coefficients in front of all variables of interest (except fear of failure) are significant. In the third cluster, on the contrary, only the perceived availability of start-up opportunities shows a positive relationship with innovation activity.Downloads
References
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Koellinger P. (2008). Why are some entrepreneurs more innovative than others? Small Business Economics, 31 (1), 21–37. DOI: 10.1007/s11187-008-9107-0.
Leisch F. (2004). FlexMix: A general framework for finite mixture models and latent class regression in R. Journal of Statistical Software, 11 (8), 1–18. DOI: 10.18637/jss.v011.i08.
Lim D. S. K., Oh C. H., De Clercq D. (2016). Engagement in entrepreneurship in emerging economies: Interactive effects of individual-level factors and institutional conditions. International Business Review, 25 (4), 933–945. DOI: 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2015.12.001.
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Matsumoto D., Yoo S. H., Fontaine J. (2008). Mapping expressive differences around the world: The relationship between emotional display rules and individualism versus collectivism. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 39 (1), 55–74. DOI: 10.1177/0022022107311854.
Oslo Manual (2018). Guidelines for collecting, reporting and using data on innovation (4th edition). OECD Publishing. DOI: 10.1787/9789264304604-en.
Pathak S., Laplume A. O., Xavier-Oliveira E. (2014). Opportunity recognition, intellectual property rights, barriers to technological adoption and technology entrepreneurship in emerging economies: A multilevel analysis. International Journal of Economics and Business Research, 7 (2), 130–158. DOI: 10.1504/IJEBR.2014.060029.
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Ramaswamy V., Desarbo W. S., Reibstein D. J., Robinson W. T. (1993). An empirical pooling approach for estimating marketing mix elasticities with PIMS data. Marketing Science, 12 (1), 103–124. DOI: 10.1287/mksc.12.1.103.
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Schmutzler J., Andonova V., Diaz-Serrano L. (2019). How context shapes entrepreneurial self-efficacy as a driver of entrepreneurial intentions: A multilevel approach. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 43 (5), 880–920. DOI: 10.1177/1042258717753142.
Shane S. (2001). Technological opportunities and new firm creation. Management Science, 47 (2), 205–220. DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.47.2.205.9837.
Shane S., Locke E. A., Collins C. J. (2003). Entrepreneurial motivation. Human Resource Management Review, 13 (2), 257–259. DOI: 10.1016/S1053-4822(03)00017-2.
Stephan U., Uhlaner L. M. (2010). Performance-based vs socially supportive culture: A cross-national study of descriptive norms and entrepreneurship. Journal of International Business Studies, 41 (8), 1347–1364. DOI: 10.1057/jibs.2010.14.
Tominc P. (2019). Perceived innovativeness and competitiveness of early-stage entrepreneurs. Croatian Economic Survey, 21 (1), 87–108. DOI: 10.15179/ces.21.1.3.
Velilla J., Ortega R. (2020). Providing new products by innovative entrepreneurs in Europe. Economics and Business Letters, 9 (2), 90–96. DOI: 10.17811/ebl.9.2.2020.90-96.
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Wood R., Bandura A. (1989). Social cognitive theory of organizational management. Academy of Management Review, 14 (3), 361–384. DOI: 10.5465/amr.1989.4279067.
